Prison Op-Ed Project gives inmates a voice


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The ACIThis fall, I visited a class of smart and engaged Rhode Island students. They seemed a lot like other students I’ve visited over the years:  They asked good questions.  They shared their experiences openly. They thought critically about what others said.  They were respectful.

But unlike other students I’ve visited in the past, this group was serving time at the Rhode Island Adult Correctional Institution’s medium-security facility in Cranston. They were earning credit toward a college degree from the Community College of Rhode Island, and participating in the Prison Op-Ed Project, one of several training, treatment, and educational programs designed to give inmates a better chance of staying out of trouble when they leave prison.

Completing this type of course has proven a smart investment of inmates’ time and of our correctional system’s resources.  Since Rhode Island in 2008 introduced a number of new policies and programs designed to better prepare inmates for life after release—things like college courses, drug treatment programs, and job training, combined with requirements for good behavior— incarceration rates in Rhode Island are down 17 percent. We’ve also seen a six percent drop in recidivism rates and a decrease in crime.

Those numbers are encouraging, and it’s not just Rhode Island that’s seen this kind of progress.  My partner on federal legislation to reduce recidivism is Senator John Cornyn, whose home state of Texas has engaged in similar efforts. We’ve cited Rhode Island, Texas, and other states’ successes to show how programs that help prisoners avoid returning to crime can reduce our federal prison population and incarceration costs.  Our proposal is now part of the comprehensive criminal sentencing reform bill that has passed out of the Judiciary Committee and awaits a vote in the Senate.

We should pass the sensible Senate sentencing reform bill and put Rhode Island’s successes to good use in our federal system.   We’ll realize the benefits not only in our federal system, and it may help move other states around the country.

One of the members of the class I visited noted how difficult it is for former inmates to access good substance abuse treatment after release.  Another pointed out how former inmates often go without health insurance in spite of serious health conditions.  Other Rhode Islanders returning to life after prison have told me how difficult it is to get a job without clothes to wear to an interview or don’t have internet access to search for openings online. These problems also contribute to the cycle that leads former inmates to re-offend and return to our over-burdened prisons.

There are smart, well-informed people in our corrections system, with first-hand perspective of the challenges of meaningful reform. I’m grateful to the Prison Op-Ed Project for giving them a voice as we work to fix our overcrowded, expensive prisons.


This post is published as part of the Prison Op/Ed Project, an occasional series authored by CCRI sociology students who are incarcerated at the Rhode Island Adult Correctional Institute. Read more here:

Prison is about re-socialization, not corrections


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The ACI

The ACIImagine a herd of sheep on the range, with each animal going off in a different direction and doing their own thing. It would be a rancher’s worst nightmare, and would surely make the business of ranching far more difficult. Prisoners are not sheep, but the prison guards that watch over us wouldn’t mind if we were.

The guards find it easier when inmates are re-socialized into something easy to control. Such institutionalized prisoners are ideal for the efficient locking up of human beings. This type of person will more mindlessly goes about their day. Prisons use the process of re-socialization as a means of  control and conformity. It strips away a person’s former identity and allows institutional agents to remold us how they see fit. But the end product is institutionalized inmates bound for recidivism.

The prison system may be less unruly and easier to operate as a business, and the lucrative business of incarceration may even prosper with its growing prison population. But is that the real intention of prison? Is it for the inmate, or for society? If society is truly concerned with fixing the corrections system, then more effort must be made towards the business of “corrections” as opposed to the business of institutional re-socialization..

Institutionalization may be good for prison business, but it is bad for society. Most prisoners are eventually released back into society, and usually much worse for the wear. Most of these former inmates find themselves “uncorrected” – unable to find work, still unskilled, and worst of all, unreformed. Unfortunately, these people end up back in jail, and re-socialization is never that difficult the second time around for the recidivist.

PTA involvement instead of prison mentality in schools


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ACIZero-tolerance policies were introduced into public schools in the 1990s, due to the rising rates of juvenile violence, according to the article, “The criminalization of school discipline in the USA”, by Paul Hirschfield. This zero-tolerance policy, he writes, also led to the importation of the criminal justice system into schools as a means of crime control.

In light of this dynamic, students get arrested for minor offenses, like simple assault, that were once handled internally by high school authorities. One former high school student, who was in maximum security prison when this article was published says his, “school was more like a prison than a high school. It don’t have to be nothing illegal about it. But you’re getting arrested. No regard for if a college going to accept you with this record. No regard for none of that, because you’re not expected to leave this school and go to college. You’re not expected to do anything.”

Students are pushed to the limit with little or no breathing space, no second chances, and no regard for whether these policies have helped kids to drop out of school with no direction in life. They are still supposed to be tomorrow’s elders in an ever-evolving society. However, it is important that society put in place some kind of disciplinary practices to instill moral and civic virtues, but equally important that this is done in a manner that does not marginalize kids and force them to choose between the choices that could send them to juvenile prison and further incarceration in the adult prison system, leading to conditions that deprive them from being productive and functional citizens.

In as much as I believe in maintaining security in school premises, I also believe that the society and the politicians could do a better job by giving students a second chance if they really want them to succeed in life. Parent-Teacher Associations (PTAs) could be instrumental in this front. It is my profound belief that if parents are involved to help curtail their kids’ behavioral problems in school, that would have been more fruitful than dogs, metal detectors and the criminal justice systems. I know if my mother got a call from the school about my misconduct, it would be a profound deterrent. Most kids listen to their mothers’.

The PTA method of discipline could ensure that authorities and parents work hand in hand to model students’ behavior in a better way, instead of victimizing them. To this end, parents got called most of the time when the punishment is handed down to the student and the parent is left with a choice of trying to make the kid stay out of prison, instead of trying to make them stay in school. The PTA could put misbehaving student on probation, supervised by both school offices and the parent, leaving the state out of the equation at this point in time.

The state authorities should focus on helping students succeed in their education, and not to supplement school policies that remove underperforming students with the notion that they are not salvageable – especially not in the name of school accountability. These and other policies prove that the authorities value money more than they value students’ education. All of which takes the form of removing underperforming or disruptive students, which proved to be a cheaper alternative to renovating and modernizing schools and hiring more qualified teachers and counselors.

It’s the poor, the destitute, and in most cases the minority students who pay the highest price for misbehaving in the face of these measurements, under the perception of them not deserving good schools, socio-economic development, good representation, coupled with policies that criminalize students with behavior problems as a means of crime control.