What happens after prison depends on how we help inmates to succeed


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The ACI

We must come up with a good program to put men and women into a position to reenter society after their prison sentences (because let’s face the truth, with a few exceptions, everyone has a release date). When this date comes, do we:

  • Want this released person believing in him/herself, knowing that it’s going to be hard, but also being prepared because they have a work and learning ethic and a sense of self worth so that we have a slight chance? Or do we
  • Want someone who has used their prison sentence to fine-tune their criminal ways? Most of society doesn’t bother to think about this until someone reoffends and it hits close to home.

Now, in order to construct a true re-entry program, it has to start with the courts, and in conjunction with the men and women that court affects. The courts should know what they need to see in a prisoner in order to not have to see them again. And we offenders should know what we need to do in order to not see the court again. What I am advising is a small-scale thing for now, to see if it would work.

Let’s start by having someone from an HR department come and teach us (prisoners) how to fill out a job application, how to dress for an interview, and how to research the company that you’re applying to. Second, let’s instill some type of skill in people who are going to be released. The state and the DOC subcontracts millions of dollars a year—why not have, as a part of the bidding process, that contract include teaching a few pre-release inmates? This training could be in anything: electricity, plumbing, computer repair. These are all things that each facility at the ACI could make room for.

Most of us could succeed upon release—we just need a fighting chance. Yes, we should have thought of the consequences before we committed our crime, and yes, there are citizens who should be put before us in programs like this. Many people would say “why should the taxpayers help? They will just mess up again!”. This line of thinking is understandable and valid.

But still, something needs to be done. If nothing is done, people will keep going back to prison at high rates. We also need something in this place to help us cope with re-entry. We do appreciate the programs that are offered to us, we just need some more that we can relate to (like a program that deals with special situations, like how to resolve conflicts before they get aggressive). We need to learn to be productive and responsible citizens. We need to know that we can atone for our mistakes, and we need to see that there are success stories. These are the people that we need to meet as we are preparing for release, like people from the small business community, so that they can teach us how to reintegrate! These are the people we should be learning from.

Frequently, program instructors in prison are teaching curriculums from a text. But we also need hands-on learning—believe it or not, we have people who are eager to learn if the right environment is provided! Overall, we need a program where the concept is rehabilitation and not incarceration. These are two vastly different ideas, and the powers that be will have to make that choice.

No matter what people in Rhode Island are sentenced for, 90% of them have release dates, and they will be back in the community at some point. The state has the wherewithal to put together a such a pilot program if it chooses.

The DOC alone has an annual budget of $211,537,766. All this money to incarcerate, and so little to rehabilitate! Why not use what we have to help those that want to help themselves?

The right people put together with the same common goal would be able to construct a pilot release program that benefits all—we just need one person in power to make it work.

Prison Op/Ed Project: Education, job skills, and a place to live


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ACIWith the exception of the intake facility, about 50 people are released from prison every month here in Rhode Island. Of those, at some point at least 30 of them recidivate (that means they go back to prison). This is because our reentry programs are insufficient.

To truly reintegrate former inmates back into society, and also cut down on recidivism, let’s first put people in a situation to flourish and not fail. As a person that’s been incarcerated for the last two decades, I’ve seen what works and what will not.

Because most former prisoners want to be productive citizens and not products of their environment, despite what the media or policymakers will lead you to believe.

First, let’s try instilling a marketable skill in people who are about to leave prison. The DOC says it spends about $40,000 a year per inmate, and for women the number is more like $130,000. Let’s put some of that money to good use by hiring people that can teach and educate prisoners. It’s already hard trying to gain employment in this economy, and harder still if you’re a convict.

Second, we need to learn to re-bond with family. For most people, family is their only lifeline back into society. And reconnecting with them when we get out is not as easy as it seems. To pick up where you left off, even if you’re not going home to a program. Then sometimes you’re even sleeping on someone’s couch! And you have to adapt to their life situation.

Third, the rhythms of life on the outside are an adjustment—here in prison you’re told when to eat, when to go to your cell, or that no, you can’t use a phone or get a bar of soap from the cell next door. And all of a sudden you are back to being a son, mother, or a father. There’s no transition into this, and it can be scary. Because all of this—it’s new to you! It wasn’t like this before you went away. Even your kids might feel that something has changed. Some kids or spouses will have trouble coping with someone who has been gone coming home just like that.

You will also be coming from an all-alpha environment where you are constantly talked down to or where someone is always trying to get over on you. Respect is not given in prison; you have to fight for it. We need to learn and remember that society doesn’t function like that! We need to distinguish the differences between normalcy in jail and normalcy at home. Again, this is no easy feat.

So why not put something in place that can help with this?

Yes, all these things are up to the individual. However, the mission of the RIDOC is to contribute to public safety by maintaining a balanced correctional system of institutional and community programs that provide a range of control and rehabilitative options for criminals. This is their description, and yet the design, at least in maximum security, is to effectively deter you from school and productive programs, as well as family togetherness (because visits are so limited).

This isn’t a knock on the DOC—it’s a call to wake up and do what’s best for everyone! Let’s not talk about what needs to be done—let’s do it! See if we can simplify this! Education, job skills, and a place to live. We don’t want you to give it to us. We want you to help us help ourselves.

Prison Op-Ed Project gives inmates a voice


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The ACIThis fall, I visited a class of smart and engaged Rhode Island students. They seemed a lot like other students I’ve visited over the years:  They asked good questions.  They shared their experiences openly. They thought critically about what others said.  They were respectful.

But unlike other students I’ve visited in the past, this group was serving time at the Rhode Island Adult Correctional Institution’s medium-security facility in Cranston. They were earning credit toward a college degree from the Community College of Rhode Island, and participating in the Prison Op-Ed Project, one of several training, treatment, and educational programs designed to give inmates a better chance of staying out of trouble when they leave prison.

Completing this type of course has proven a smart investment of inmates’ time and of our correctional system’s resources.  Since Rhode Island in 2008 introduced a number of new policies and programs designed to better prepare inmates for life after release—things like college courses, drug treatment programs, and job training, combined with requirements for good behavior— incarceration rates in Rhode Island are down 17 percent. We’ve also seen a six percent drop in recidivism rates and a decrease in crime.

Those numbers are encouraging, and it’s not just Rhode Island that’s seen this kind of progress.  My partner on federal legislation to reduce recidivism is Senator John Cornyn, whose home state of Texas has engaged in similar efforts. We’ve cited Rhode Island, Texas, and other states’ successes to show how programs that help prisoners avoid returning to crime can reduce our federal prison population and incarceration costs.  Our proposal is now part of the comprehensive criminal sentencing reform bill that has passed out of the Judiciary Committee and awaits a vote in the Senate.

We should pass the sensible Senate sentencing reform bill and put Rhode Island’s successes to good use in our federal system.   We’ll realize the benefits not only in our federal system, and it may help move other states around the country.

One of the members of the class I visited noted how difficult it is for former inmates to access good substance abuse treatment after release.  Another pointed out how former inmates often go without health insurance in spite of serious health conditions.  Other Rhode Islanders returning to life after prison have told me how difficult it is to get a job without clothes to wear to an interview or don’t have internet access to search for openings online. These problems also contribute to the cycle that leads former inmates to re-offend and return to our over-burdened prisons.

There are smart, well-informed people in our corrections system, with first-hand perspective of the challenges of meaningful reform. I’m grateful to the Prison Op-Ed Project for giving them a voice as we work to fix our overcrowded, expensive prisons.


This post is published as part of the Prison Op/Ed Project, an occasional series authored by CCRI sociology students who are incarcerated at the Rhode Island Adult Correctional Institute. Read more here:

Prison Op/Ed Project: Time to change what we consider ‘newsworthy’


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The ACI

The ACIJust about every broadcast television station has a reporter speak during a commercial break about a highlighted event to be featured on the scheduled news time slot “coming up.” By vast majority, it will contain something that involves a natural disaster, a fire, a car accident, terrorism, a murder, or a weather event.

Why is it that we are so interested and captivated with these types of stories? Why do peoples’ social interactions change while experiencing a tragedy?

In 1978 I was 10 and living in Woonsocket during the great blizzard. The February storm dumped 58 inches of snow at my house, crippling the area. Days later, stories evolved, including my own positive experiences.

Neighbors came out of their homes. People spoke, some for the first time, while living next to each other for years. Everybody was helping each other to dig out of the snow. The world had almost stopped revolving for a short time. People were almost taking on an altered personality.

But the media coverage was more interested in how many people died resulting from it, how much businesses lost, and the damages caused by the storm.

Many things get completely discarded as not “newsworthy.” What about all of the many friendships that were formed? What about the people who saved others by rescuing them, or taking food or water to people who were unable to get it?

Worldwide disasters mirror this story. In Hurricane Katrina, there were endless images of the major flooding in the New Orleans area. All about the levees that failed, the looting, and the fires set by rioting thugs in the area. But, alas, after the storm event was over, the many news crews moved on to the next “newsworthy” story that they could report on to keep their ratings up, and to keep talking head reporters speaking.

It really isn’t surprising to believe that the world is going to hell in a hand basket. Modern society is completely fascinated by death, disasters, and violence, and is becoming very desensitized to the way these things become part of daily life. Is there any correlation of anxiety and exponential use of pharmaceutical drugs for depression and anxiety? I believe this relationship is worth examining.

Not surprisingly, it took weeks for the press and news crews to return to New Orleans to cover the slow arrival of US FEMA there. This a primarily black, lower income population area. However, if the population were more of a white middle class, would the response have been much faster? I believe it would have.

In any type of natural or man-made disaster, there are many unsung, unidentified Clark Kents, Mother Teresas or Bruce Waynes that are never seen nor acknowledged (other than by God, who sees and knows our hearts and actions).

Among all the negativity and outward appearance of the world, there are still many good people left out there. It’s time for a change. Instead of giving people who do such heinous acts such as killing over 30 children in a CT school, or setting off bombs at the Boston Marathon for their 15 seconds of fame, let’s end it. The people should not be named, nor shown in pictures. Maybe there would be fewer incidents or this type of attack on innocent people. Modern society is to blame for this. Enough is enough—it’s time to stop the exposure, end the madness, and change the direction and process of reporting the news in all its forms.

Maybe, just maybe, people would be more helpful, more friendly, and more optimistic about people and our society as a whole. It is time to focus more on the victims than the perpetrators.


This post is published as part of the Prison Op/Ed Project, an occasional series authored by CCRI sociology students who are incarcerated at the Rhode Island Adult Correctional Institute. Read more here:

Prison Op/Ed Project: They say knowledge is power, but is it?


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The ACIEducation… they say knowledge is power. But is it? Well, you know that being educated leads to more opportunities, gives you a greater chance to have a good life. That story’s wrong, and the reason I say so is that public schools are subpar, and spending all those years getting post-secondary education leaves you with a debt and struggling to find a job because of the “economy.” We have been sold a deceptive story about education.

Our public education system used to be the envy of every nation, but we now lag behind twelve of the eighteen developed nations in fundamental literacy skills. Education doesn’t seem to be stressed enough. The environments of schools are deplorable, and many public ones are not even suitable for children to spend time there, let alone learn in them. There is no funding to fix the decay and disrepair in the schools. Ceilings are coming apart and bathrooms are filled with graffiti. Classrooms are filled to capacity and beyond, to the point that there are insufficient desks for children. We are not showing these kids that they are worth more than that.

Budget “crises” affect after school programs, which keep kids off the streets, and those crises also affect teachers by overloading them and not allowing them to give each kid enough attention. There is also inequality that plays a role. The privileged children in suburban neighborhoods don’t go through the same obstacles that children in urban neighborhoods go through to get an education. Money is not distributed equally to schools, and this contributes to these problems.

Schools need reforms and we need to find solutions to these problems.

The idea of getting a higher education is good, of course, but in reality it actually sucks. The tuition costs that not many students can afford, and the fact that some students are not eligible for aid discourages children—who are our future—from investing in their education. The years of debt and being broke doesn’t appeal to anyone in their right mind, so imagine the average kid: he or she would rather get a job.

There are plenty of success stories within our education system, but we need more. Everyone emphasizes how important education is, but they don’t emphasize how hard it is to get, to achieve. If legislators were to make college more affordable, or make financial aid more accessible, we might see that change. We should develop more trade schools that offer children different ideas of what they’d like to do career-wise. Invest in education, and take it seriously.

Mass incarceration creates a permanent underclass


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Black man being arrested

“The country’s poverty rate would
have been more than 20 percent
lower between 1980 and 2004
without mass incarceration.”
Villanova University study

Like most U.S. adults, I have violated the nation’s drug laws.

The year was 1971. A freshman at the University of Michigan’s Dearborn campus, I began smoking marijuana with two of my three roommates. As police did not arrest drug offenders on campus, I never worried about being jailed.

Not so for Clifford Runoalds, an African American who was arrested for failure to cooperate with prosecutors. They wanted him to testify against a defendant in the infamous Hearne, Texas “drug bust” of 2000. A rogue police task force arrested 28 residents on the word of only one informant, on drugs, who lied about his African-American neighbors.

Runoalds was innocent. The drug deals never happened. Still, he was jailed for a month before prosecutors released him. As Michelle Alexander explains in her extraordinary book, The New Jim Crow, Runoalds was technically free—but his life was decimated. Jail time resulted in the loss of his job, his car, his apartment and his furniture.

Moreover, Runoalds was grieving the death of his eighteen-month-old daughter. Handcuffed at her funeral, which was about to begin, police rejected his pleas to say goodbye to his daughter.

Black man being arrested

Runoalds is not alone. Systemic discrimination begins with traffic stops. National data indicates blacks and Latinos are three times more likely to be searched than whites. Pedestrian stop-and-frisk is far worse. The New York Police Department frisked 545,000 people in 2008: 85 percent were black; eight percent were white.

Prosecutors and judges amplify this discrimination. According to Human Rights Watch, at least fifteen states sentenced black drug offenders at 20 to 57 times the rate of white drug offenders. In addition, the U.S. Sentencing Commission documented that, from 2007 to 2011, blacks received sentences 19.5 percent longer than whites.

Pic of black prisoners

The Bureau of Justice Statistics projected that one in three black males born in 2001 would be sent to prison during their lifetimes; for Latinos, one in six; for whites, one in seventeen.

The War on Drugs is an excuse for mass incarceration of black and brown people. SWAT teams do not descend on college campuses. Police do not target the homes of white suburbanites. No, they target poor minority neighborhoods. But as Alexander’s extensive documentation indicates, “The notion that most illegal drug use and sales happens in the ghetto is pure fiction.”

SWAT team

Poor minorities are swept up into the criminal justice system in numbers whites will never face. Those arrested are often unable to pay bail. So they languish in a cage. Faced with many months or perhaps years in jail awaiting trial, even innocent people accept unjust plea bargains. Many serve long sentences on probation—just one misstep from prison.

In addition to 2.3 million incarcerated, more than 7 million people are currently on probation or parole, many for drug or other nonviolent offenses. The fact that minorities are vastly overrepresented in this system means, as Alexander emphasizes, they constitute a new caste, a permanent underclass.

Under Jim Crow, separate but “equal” treatment was legal. This systemic racism supposedly ended in 1954 with the Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka decision. A new Jim Crow has arisen, however, with discriminatory effects even more powerful than the blatant racism of an earlier era.

Challenges to the system’s racism is now barred by court decisions. Alexander concludes, “The legal rules adopted by the Supreme Court guarantee that those who find themselves locked up and permanently locked out due to the drug war are overwhelmingly black and brown.”

Like many young white men, I smoked marijuana. Unlike massive numbers of young black men, few of us with white skin lost our freedom and our families. We did not lose our jobs, our apartments, our cars. Nor should we—but neither should drug users of color.

Prison Op/Ed Project: Religion, violence and America


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The ACIReligious violence is endangering our society. Furthermore, violence is an oxymoron to most religions. Religious people are expected to have good morals, faith, and an understanding that they, as individuals, are a small part of the Lord’s big plan. Religions teach you that the Lord gives you free will, and that’s exactly what terrorists are imposing on innocent people. Thus, they are distancing themselves even more from their religion by using that free will to hurt others.

However, America has been imposing its will on weak, underdeveloped countries for a long time. Every country has the right to sovereignty, unless America decides we need some of their natural resources. Terrorists feel that they need to go to extreme measures to get the attention of the United States, which is in turn causing havoc in our communities, because they are unable to function well under extreme pressure and fear. Not to mention that our rights to privacy have been all but stripped from us.

America’s military is advanced enough to protect its citizens. So why are we policing the world, creating more and more enemies? We’re going backwards and endangering our society. Constant fear and numerous rights violations cannot be the “American Dream”. America has enough going on at home and that’s where our focus needs to be. If we looked inwards as much as we look outwards, we wouldn’t be at the top of everybody’s hit list.

Furthermore, with all the terrorists that are waging war on America, it’s imperative that we elect the right candidate. America is in a vulnerable state. We cannot keep raising the debt ceiling and turning a blind eye to terror, nor can we ignore the bleeding that the military budget is responsible for. Americans need to know that the primary votes are a priority, and through them, we control who controls the country.

Literal Segregation


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“Segregation” is the separation of things into groups. Segregation was once a big problem in society. Africans and African-Americans were segregated, barred from going certain places. They weren’t allowed to drink from certain fountains, use certain bathrooms, all because of the color of their skin.

Now, let’s fast-forward to 2015. America now has a more diverse culture and races, and theoretically people are more tolerant and understanding. Yet African-Americans are still being segregated, just in more subtle ways.

When browsing the library or bookstore, you will come across a section labeled “African-American”. Why are books by African-Americans put in their own section? What if I were to write a New York Times bestseller fiction; my book would be read and loved by millions of people. Because I am black, would my book go in the “regular” fiction section of the local bookstore?

The answer is probably not. Because I am African-American, the book would be classified as “African-American” fiction. Isn’t that a form of segregation, setting me aside in my own group, even in the bookstore? What makes my book different from any other book? Why are we considered “black” authors? How about just calling us “authors”? White authors aren’t considered “white authors”—they’re just “authors”.

I have never read a Stephen King book that I would consider “Caucasian” fiction. In almost everything we do, we are put into a class: “urban artist”, “black actor”, “black athlete”, “black history month”. These classifications are worthless when it comes to any other race but African Americans. It’s a peachy-clean way to separate one race of people from others. For me, segregation is apparent in habits like this.

Why don’t female ACI inmates have a nice, big rec yard like the men?


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ACIGender discrimination and the invisibility of women has been an issue in this world since before I was born. In my lifetime, I have seen attempts of changing this, steps toward gender equality. In my current situation, the invisibility of women is still an issue.

I am currently doing a six-year sentence in the women’s maximum/medium security facility. The facility is housing women with thirty-day sentences to life sentences. This building was not built to house inmates with long-term sentences. It was going to be a transition facility, which means there was not going to be anyone staying here for more than one year.

For whatever reason, something different happened. They took the women from a condemned prison (thank you) to this facility. Although the other prison was infested with roaches and mice, there was one thing to look forward to: “rec” (recreation) time. That building had a gym with weights and other workout equipment and a very large yard, that included an area with a basketball court and a large grassy space. We gave up a dirty old building for a newer one with no gym, and a yard that consists only of a basketball court. And that yard is all cement.

The yards at the men’s facilities (also medium and maximum) are much bigger than ours, with grass areas, weight areas, and a basketball court, as well as track and soccer fields. I do not know the exact measurements of the yard, but I don’t think the size of our yard is even a fraction of the size of theirs. They have the space to play a number of sports/activities. We can walk, play basketball with a ball that is basically flat, or volleyball until the ball goes over the fence and can’t be retrieved. What makes it okay for the men to have that yard but not the women? One may answer this question saying that there are more men than women incarcerated in Rhode Island, but I still don’t see that as a reason to deprive us women from having a better yard.

This may not matter to people who are not incarcerated, but it surely does matter to those of us who are. Rec time is very important; it’s a time to blow off steam, and it’s a way to stay healthy by exercising. It is also important for mental health. I know this issue may not ever matter or mean anything to people who do not have to be locked up in a facility on a daily basis and have only two hours a day to breathe fresh air.

I see signs that the overall problem of gender discrimination and the invisibility of women in the changing in the world. I think it only right that it change within this institution as well.

Taking a play out of black Mizzou football players playbook


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missourifootballRecently some students at the University of Missouri said several African American were victims of racism. Students claimed that someone drew a Nazi symbol on the wall of a dormitory in feces, as well as other acts of racism, and that the administration did nothing to combat these issues.

With 7 percent of the student body at the University of Missouri being African American, some students took matters into their own hands and started to protest the lack of action from the administration. They called for the president and the chancellor of the university to step down. Some students even went to extreme measures by going on a hunger strike. All of this was to no avail: no one listened. Neither students’ protests nor their own health mattered.

The administration did not listen until the Missouri University football team refused to take the field during their next game if nothing changed. Within 24 hours, the president and Chancellor of the university put in their slips for resignation. That abrupt change caused people to ask why it was that angry protesters and hunger strikers got no attention at the university, but the football team did.

I have to assume that the answer is money. College football is a major source of income for such major universities. They generate billions of dollars each year. So when you hit them in the pockets, you get their attention. Many college football teams are under contracts with television networks and have endorsements from various companies.

During the civil rights movements, African Americans boycotted buses and all white-owned stores to get the attention of the people who were treating them unfairly. African Americans showed discipline and unity, and from that came a change. The University of Missouri football team and student body may be on to something. Minorities are big consumers in this country, and also those who are most oppressed and discriminated against. I could say African Americans should go back and take a page from the Civil Rights movement and hit the oppressor in the pocket. Let’s let history repeat itself.

Who poses a bigger threat to US: Ben Carson or Ahmed Mohamed?


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Ahmed MohamedA few weeks ago I was watching the news when the story of a fourteen-year-old boy in Irving, Texas, was arrested and interrogated for bringing a homemade clock to school. His name is Ahmed Mohamed.

As I sat watching this story I couldn’t help but think, what if he was white? What if he had a ‘good Christian’ name? What if his pa was a ‘good old boy’ that everyone knew? I thought he wouldn’t have been arrested—he would have possibly gotten a pat on the back and been told what a smart boy he was for building a working clock all on his own. Then I said to myself: that’s just the times we live in now.

It’s easy to look back at things like 9/11 and everywhere there has been monstrous acts of hate committed, and tell ourselves that’s why we react this way to a 14-year old’s science project. The truth is that these acts were committed by extremists with agendas. Not every Muslim is an extremist. What I don’t understand is why we don’t view every Christian with a cautious eye? Always wondering when they are going to blow up their next abortion clinic? The answer is, of course, because not every Christian is an extremist. But for some reason we are not able to see it that way with Muslims.

When Republican presidential primary candidate Ben Carson was asked if he would vote for a Muslim president he said no, because Islam isn’t just a religion, it’s a political-social ideology with strict rules for people, and does not support the separation of church and state. I find that hilarious. In the current presidential campaign there are plenty of religious extremists, all of them Christians, including Ben Carson. The candidates themselves should be forced to place the Constitution before their religions and see how they fare in the campaign without pandering to their constituents about gay marriage and abortion.

In this time of extreme acts I am simply making a point: it’s easy to define one group in its entirety as our enemies, but the reality is that there is evil, ignorance, and stupidity everywhere. I refuse to let those in power dictate to me that their enemies should also be mine.

Second Chance Act deserves a second chance at full funding


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secondchanceWe all have in our lifetime needed at least one second chance. The barriers that inmates face in the reentry process, for some, can be a life or death situation.

Every year state and federal prisons release more than 650,000 people back into society, a population equal to the size of Boston. Rather than providing the means for a successful transition, many states hurl prisoners out into the community with little or no support. Two thirds of released prisoners will re-offend and land back in prison with a price tag of over $30,000 per year.

During his state of the union address in 2004, then-president George W. Bush said “America is the land of the second chance, and then the gates of the prison open, the path ahead should lead to a better life.” Bush went on to sign the Second Chance Act, providing funding for prisoner reentry programs. But congress has since reduced and cut portions of a program that could save states millions in the cost of corrections.

Stable employment is critical for a successful transition into the community, but reentering individuals often encounter significant barriers in finding employment and housing upon release from prison. These barriers include low levels of education, limited vocational (or marketable) skills and limited work experience. Reentry programs have demonstrated the overwhelming need for employment and housing opportunities for prisoners released from prison and the need to facilitate the creation of jobs.

It’s understandable to be skeptical when it comes to having an ex-offender in your work environment. But did you know that if a business owner hires an ex offender, they could receive a tax credit, ranging from $2,400 to $9,900, depending on the employee? Not only that, there’s Fidelity bonding insurance that covers ex-offenders in the amount of $5,000, provided by the government and at no cost to the employer. It’s a win-win for both parties, but these incentives to hire an ex-offender are usually unknown, resulting in missed opportunities.

The Second Chance Act was passed to reduce recidivism, better society, and give those who deserve it a second chance at life. Truth is, resources are limited, though the RI Department of Corrections does its best to use what is available to make re-entry into society available. If Rhode Island were to utilize the Second Chance Act properly, or to create new legislation to help with these issues, there would be a difference in recidivism, homelessness, and crime.

Ike was right: Military industrial complex corrupted economy


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ike“We must guard against the acquisition of unwarranted influence, whether sought or unsought, by the military-industrial complex,” said President Dwight Eisenhower, in his 1961 farewell address. “The potential for the disastrous rise of misplaced power exists and will persist.”

Ironically, President Eisenhower’s time in the White House was marred by a massive arms buildup spurred on by the “red scare” paranoia of the Cold War. Eisenhower didn’t heed his own advice during his presidency. In fairness, the American global military empire began long before Ike, and overspending on its military budget still persists today. The sphere of influence that the military has on our economy has only grown exponentially. Eisenhower’s prophetic words have come true. Military overspending dominates America’s industry and economy.

Over the past half century the United States has spent $5.5 trillion on nuclear weapons alone. That outrageously exceeds the combined spending on education, social services, job programs, environment, science, energy production, law enforcement, and community development. In the effort to achieve mutually assured destruction with Russia, America has achieved mutually assured stupidity. Granted, such military waste kept the Cold War from becoming hot, and thankfully we never used those nuclear weapons. Yet surely we could have used more diplomacy and saved some of that $5.5 trillion for programs which we really need and would definitely use here at home. America is falling apart internally as we keep our eyes on problems abroad. Our roads and infrastructure are crumbling while “the department of defense pays $511 for 90-cent light bulbs, $640 for a toilet seat, and $5,096 for two pairs of pliers” (p. 503, Social Problems, Charon and Garth).

Absolute power breeds absolute corruption. The United States military-industrial complex lacks any real system of checks and balances. Independent oversight committees exist, but they do not have the power or purity to stop this runaway train. Our military-industrial complex has become too powerful, and it is corrupting our economy from within.

Was Myron Magnet a genius or just a Republican?

Myron-MagnetWas Myron Magnet a wise man and just a man, an accurate scholar who sees the true meaning behind all things? Or was he simply a golden child who puts himself atop so high a pedestal that it nearly collapses from the weight of all the nonsense he is filled with? For those of you who have been fortunate enough to have never heard of Myron Magnet and his magnificently accurate theory…please, allow me to enlighten you.

Magnet’s theory is that people become poor not because of inequality, but because they lack the ambition which drives them to achieve success. He claims that they are lazy, uneducated people who partake in deviant behavior such as smoking, drinking, and out-of-wedlock sex. I myself, being from the lower class, know how this is the furthest thing from the truth. People from poor communities have some of the biggest drives to succeed, simply because we know how it feels not to have anything. I say the ones who have everything handed to them their entire lives are the ones who are lazy.

Also, poor people are not the only ones who smoke, drink or indulge in sex with people they have no intentions of marrying. Politicians have been doing this for years. Bill Clinton was damn near our country’s mascot for adultery. Wealthy people partake in deviant behavior just as much, if not more, than those who are poverty stricken. They just find easier ways to hide the cocaine residue on their noses. Magnet’s opinion, is the typical perspective of one who has had the silver spoon of the bourgeois crammed in their mouth for their entire life.

Those of the bourgeois class just like to take credit for all their spoon-fed achievements. To support my claim, I take an excerpt from chapter one of the sociological work “Social Problems, 4th edition”, written by Joel Charon and Lee Garth. In interviews, people have admitted to receiving parental financial assistance or “gifts”. Mind you, some of these small gifts are in the thousand-dollar range, but the data also shows that these respondents take complete credit for their assets, saying things like “we worked our butts off for what we have” (p.77).

Some may say I am standing up for people in my own class. I say I am standing up for the reality in society. It all just comes down to raw inequality. If you took away all the inheritance the upper class receives, they may well be mirror images of the people they so passionately frown upon. It would be easy for all of us to “seize” ample opportunities if mommy and daddy served them to us on a platter.

Alcohol, incarceration and what it means to matter


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What-Really-MattersAs human beings, we all have a strong desire to feel important to the world around us. The intense need to feel like we matter has a strong hold on our lives. If that is positive or negative … well, that is up to you.

The feeling of loneliness, in a world that gives us the freedom to distinguish who we are, is the most damaging pain to endure. This can cause a person to go to any lengths to try and be noticed, even if those are harmful or self-destructive lengths. After all, it is better to get negative recognition than to feel worthless. This need to get attention can cause one to act out to the point of no return—take the recent massacre in Oregon, for example. That person needed to matter, he needed to be known, at any cost, and his only way to get attention was through an act of violence. This is how he chose to “matter”.

Our society is very individualistic, but yet the need to matter is in us all. The consequences of not feeling like we matter can be very grave. I used to feel this way as well. However, once I stepped out of my own world and looked at my life, I realized how much I do matter to my family, peers, neighbors, employer, and lover – both positively and negatively. I have let many down by being incarcerated and making poor choices.

I was unable to fulfill my position at work because I came to jail, which affected both the students and teachers where I work. I was unable to finish my summer college courses. I was unable to live on life’s terms. I picked up a drink and I drove drunk, harming other people and putting others’ lives in danger. I could have died or killed someone that day. I see how putting alcohol first affected my behaviors and morals, self-esteem, goals, and achievements. Alcohol was my key to numb my pain. It was my escape, and it was all that mattered.

I have lost trust with people that matter most to me. I have affected my wide social web. I have realized how fortunate I am to have a second chance and see that my choices in life do matter—not just to me, but also to those around me.

Looking back at the people I’ve helped stay sober – who are still fighting alcoholism daily – I realize that I have mattered in their lives too, because I helped keep them in programs even when their will was failing. When I see these people they acknowledge my efforts and tell me how much I have made a differences in their lives. They tell me they don’t know where they would be if I hadn’t been there to support them in their recovery. This shows me that mattering as a person just isn’t for oneself—it is for society. Our role in society as human beings matters. We all matter, even when we don’t feel like we do.

Being important to each other cannot be defined in a paragraph. To matter to each other is to live. It is to be human, to follow your path, to make your decisions, and understand how you affect the world around you. Being important is so much more than a word or a description. It defines all human beings and all we stand for. It is the distinction of our existence and how we choose to live on earth. You can choose to be important to yourself; you can decide how your life will be, and how you want to be affected by the way you matter to the world.

ACI administrator praises Prison Op/Ed Project


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ACIRacial injustice. Voting. Prisons. Entitlements. Zero tolerance. These are but a few of the topics written about by inmates enrolled in the Community College of Rhode Island Introductory Sociology class taught by Meghan Kallman in the John J. Moran Medium Security facility. Ms. Kallman was gracious in submitting all papers for my review and as I reviewed the body of work I felt proud.

Proud of the ability of students to express themselves appropriately. Proud to be able to offer CCRI courses to the offender population. Proud of the quality and scope of educational services within the RIDOC. Proud of the commitment of not only Ms. Kallman, but of the entire faculty and staff associated with RIDOC education programs. Proud to be part of a team committed to providing quality educational services to the offender population.

Introductory Sociology was but one of several CCRI programs offered to offenders. HVAC, Culinary Arts, Plastering and Dry Wall, and Computer Literacy are a sampling of CCRI vocational offerings. The RIDOC Education Unit also has Adult Basic Education and GED classes offered in all facilities. During Fiscal 2015, there were 196 GED’s earned and 13 AA degrees were awarded by CCRI.

Do the participants appreciate what we do for them? In my heart of hearts, I believe the answer is a definite yes. I don’t have data to answer this question, so why do I say yes?

Recently, GED teacher Angie Barboza passed away unexpectedly. The outpouring of sympathy and support expressed by the inmates as I walked through the yard was moving and sincere. The appreciation of all that she did for them as a teacher was touching.  While my own heart breaks over this loss, the outpouring of supportive comments reinforced the pride I feel in all that they do – faculty, staff, and students.

Before the severity of Angie’s illness was known and her return was expected, one of her students wrote, “You taught me all kinds of math. Even though I was going to give up, you would talk me out of it…You give me hope for trying to achieve my GED.”

I believe that education is the key to hope for a better life. This belief is supported by data. (Read a recent study by the staff of the Correctional Education Association, the US Department of Education, and the Indiana Department of Correction on the benefits of correctional education programs.) I am grateful for the commitment of the RIDOC in its support of educational and vocational programming for the offender population consistent with its mission. The Education Unit strives to offer high quality programs on a daily basis.

Prison is about re-socialization, not corrections


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The ACI

The ACIImagine a herd of sheep on the range, with each animal going off in a different direction and doing their own thing. It would be a rancher’s worst nightmare, and would surely make the business of ranching far more difficult. Prisoners are not sheep, but the prison guards that watch over us wouldn’t mind if we were.

The guards find it easier when inmates are re-socialized into something easy to control. Such institutionalized prisoners are ideal for the efficient locking up of human beings. This type of person will more mindlessly goes about their day. Prisons use the process of re-socialization as a means of  control and conformity. It strips away a person’s former identity and allows institutional agents to remold us how they see fit. But the end product is institutionalized inmates bound for recidivism.

The prison system may be less unruly and easier to operate as a business, and the lucrative business of incarceration may even prosper with its growing prison population. But is that the real intention of prison? Is it for the inmate, or for society? If society is truly concerned with fixing the corrections system, then more effort must be made towards the business of “corrections” as opposed to the business of institutional re-socialization..

Institutionalization may be good for prison business, but it is bad for society. Most prisoners are eventually released back into society, and usually much worse for the wear. Most of these former inmates find themselves “uncorrected” – unable to find work, still unskilled, and worst of all, unreformed. Unfortunately, these people end up back in jail, and re-socialization is never that difficult the second time around for the recidivist.

PTA involvement instead of prison mentality in schools


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ACIZero-tolerance policies were introduced into public schools in the 1990s, due to the rising rates of juvenile violence, according to the article, “The criminalization of school discipline in the USA”, by Paul Hirschfield. This zero-tolerance policy, he writes, also led to the importation of the criminal justice system into schools as a means of crime control.

In light of this dynamic, students get arrested for minor offenses, like simple assault, that were once handled internally by high school authorities. One former high school student, who was in maximum security prison when this article was published says his, “school was more like a prison than a high school. It don’t have to be nothing illegal about it. But you’re getting arrested. No regard for if a college going to accept you with this record. No regard for none of that, because you’re not expected to leave this school and go to college. You’re not expected to do anything.”

Students are pushed to the limit with little or no breathing space, no second chances, and no regard for whether these policies have helped kids to drop out of school with no direction in life. They are still supposed to be tomorrow’s elders in an ever-evolving society. However, it is important that society put in place some kind of disciplinary practices to instill moral and civic virtues, but equally important that this is done in a manner that does not marginalize kids and force them to choose between the choices that could send them to juvenile prison and further incarceration in the adult prison system, leading to conditions that deprive them from being productive and functional citizens.

In as much as I believe in maintaining security in school premises, I also believe that the society and the politicians could do a better job by giving students a second chance if they really want them to succeed in life. Parent-Teacher Associations (PTAs) could be instrumental in this front. It is my profound belief that if parents are involved to help curtail their kids’ behavioral problems in school, that would have been more fruitful than dogs, metal detectors and the criminal justice systems. I know if my mother got a call from the school about my misconduct, it would be a profound deterrent. Most kids listen to their mothers’.

The PTA method of discipline could ensure that authorities and parents work hand in hand to model students’ behavior in a better way, instead of victimizing them. To this end, parents got called most of the time when the punishment is handed down to the student and the parent is left with a choice of trying to make the kid stay out of prison, instead of trying to make them stay in school. The PTA could put misbehaving student on probation, supervised by both school offices and the parent, leaving the state out of the equation at this point in time.

The state authorities should focus on helping students succeed in their education, and not to supplement school policies that remove underperforming students with the notion that they are not salvageable – especially not in the name of school accountability. These and other policies prove that the authorities value money more than they value students’ education. All of which takes the form of removing underperforming or disruptive students, which proved to be a cheaper alternative to renovating and modernizing schools and hiring more qualified teachers and counselors.

It’s the poor, the destitute, and in most cases the minority students who pay the highest price for misbehaving in the face of these measurements, under the perception of them not deserving good schools, socio-economic development, good representation, coupled with policies that criminalize students with behavior problems as a means of crime control.

Cars that are good for society


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carI’ve seen a lot of car accidents in the news these last few weeks. Just the other day two young adults were killed in a rollover accident. No one volunteers to play Russian Roulette but that is exactly what happens every time someone gets behind the wheel of a car. In my opinion, in order to keep people safer while they are driving, there needs to be more education, smarter cars, and less speed.

First of all, people need to be better educated about the vehicles they buy. Automobile dealerships do not cater to the customers’ needs. The dealerships’ main concern is to get the customer in a car and on their way as fast as possible. It should be mandatory for all dealerships to teach the customer some of the basic skills they’ll need to properly maintain the vehicle they are purchasing – such as proper tire pressure, what to do when the check engine light comes on, or how to change a fuse when the tail lights go out. Indeed, these are very basic things to learn. Yet, if not fixed, can prove very fatal.

Next, make a smarter car. Sure, they already have a smart car that can apply the brakes when something runs into its path. Yet, why not make that car even smarter? For example, give the smart car the ability to read a stop sign or a stop light. Then, the smart car would be able to stop on its own if the driver is distracted. Also, make a smart car that can read speed limit signs. This way, when a smart car is on a back road, or in a school zone, the car will not exceed the posted speed limit. Most importantly, how about a smart car that can sense when the driver is drunk or fatigued? Therefore, the vehicle would not start at all and no deadly accidents can happen.

Finally, stop making fast cars for public roads. The Chevy Camaro, Ford Mustang, and Dodge Challenger all come with an 8 cylinder engine and can produce up to 1500 horse power, and can go from 0 to 60 miles an hour in about 3.3 seconds. Plus, the Chevy Camaro and Ford Mustang can reach speeds close to 200 miles an hour. Because of all the deadly accidents that are caused by speeding, automobile producers should be made to stop the production of all 8 cylinder engines.

Smarter people, smarter cars, and slow going are a few of the steps I would take to reduce the fatality rate in car accidents in the United States. If you remove the bullet from the gun, it is no longer Russian Roulette.

How schools emulate prisons, and prepare students for them


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school-to-prison-pipelineIt appears society is playing a major part in molding people for incarceration. The government may not admit it, but every so often their actions reveal it.

Especially when schools are being shut down for lack of sufficient funds as more prisons are being developed. I assume it’s easier and cheaper to teach us a lesson than teaching us lessons. But for some reason school systems are beginning to duplicate the prison system, rather than the other way around.

A person with multiple drug charges, for instance, would get sent to jail repeatedly. When a more successful punishment might be a treatment facility to seek help.

As a student, something similar happened to me. I was involved in a fight, and the administration decided it was easier to expel me, not what anyone would confuse with a straight A student, instead of trying to figure out why the fight happened. “Bullying” was not a term I was familiar with back then, but I was confronting my bully and I had to pay the price for it.

We are taught since we are young to speak our minds, to practice our freedom of speech, yet we are then punished for saying something they don’t like. We are penalized for defending ourselves, but we are taught to fight back if threatened, since the day we learn how to walk.

And to run to the cops if you are in danger. How about if the person harassing you is the one sworn to protect you? What can you do if the man wearing a badge is making your life difficult just because he can? Or because of your skin color, and the only wrong you have done is live in poverty? Can you imagine how confusing this is for a kid?

When putting together the pieces of a puzzle, it is easier to throw it away than to keep trying. But then the puzzle doesn’t get put back together. And yet that is exactly what society does to people who they don’t understand, or who depart from what it regards as acceptable.


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